##
22.1.1 File Operations

`locking`( | fd, mode, nbytes)

  Lock part of a file based on file descriptor fd from the C runtime. Raises `IOError` on failure. The locked region of the file extends from the current file position for nbytes bytes, and may continue beyond the end of the file. mode must be one of the `LK_*` constants listed below. Multiple regions in a file may be locked at the same time, but may not overlap. Adjacent regions are not merged; they must be unlocked individually.

`LK_LOCK`
`LK_RLCK`
  Locks the specified bytes. If the bytes cannot be locked, the program immediately tries again after 1 second. If, after 10 attempts, the bytes cannot be locked, `IOError` is raised.

`LK_NBLCK`
`LK_NBRLCK`
  Locks the specified bytes. If the bytes cannot be locked, `IOError` is raised.

`LK_UNLCK`
  Unlocks the specified bytes, which must have been previously locked.

`setmode`( | fd, flags)

  Set the line-end translation mode for the file descriptor fd. To set it to text mode, flags should be `os.O_TEXT`; for binary, it should be `os.O_BINARY`.

`open_osfhandle`( | handle, flags)

  Create a C runtime file descriptor from the file handle handle. The flags parameter should be a bit-wise OR of `os.O_APPEND`, `os.O_RDONLY`, and `os.O_TEXT`. The returned file descriptor may be used as a parameter to `os.fdopen()` to create a file object.

`get_osfhandle`( | fd)

  Return the file handle for the file descriptor fd. Raises `IOError` if fd is not recognized.