Jersey (British crown dependency)

§1. Jersey Introduction

Background:
  The island of Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last
  remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy that held sway in both France
  and England. These islands were the only British soil occupied by German
  troops in World War II.

§2. Jersey Geography

Location:
  Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France

Geographic coordinates:
  49 15 N, 2 10 W

Map references:
  Europe

Area:
  total: 116 kmē
  land: 116 kmē
  water: 0 kmē

Area - comparative:
  about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC

Land boundaries:
  0 km

Coastline:
  70 km

Maritime claims:
  exclusive fishing zone: 12 NM territorial sea: 3 NM

Climate:
  temperate; mild winters and cool summers

Terrain:
  gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast

Elevation extremes:
  lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 143 m

Natural resources:
  arable land

Land use:
  arable land: 66%
  permanent crops: 0%
  permanent pastures: 0%
  forests and woodland: 0%
  other: 34%

Irrigated land:
  NA kmē

Natural hazards:
  NA

Environment - current issues:
  NA

Geography - note:
  largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population
  concentrated in Saint Helier

§3. Jersey People

Population:
  89,361 (July 2001 est.)

Age structure:
  0-14 years: 17.77% (male 8,214; female 7,667)
  15-64 years: 67.59% (male 30,065; female 30,331)
  65 years and over: 14.64% (male 5,603; female 7,481) (2001 est.)

Population growth rate:
  0.48% (2001 est.)

Birth rate:
  11.28 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)

Death rate:
  9.27 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)

Net migration rate:
  2.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)

Sex ratio:
  at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female
  under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
  15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
  65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female
  total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2001 est.)

Infant mortality rate:
  5.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
  total population: 78.63 years male: 76.21 years
  female: 81.23 years (2001 est.)

Total fertility rate:
  1.56 children born/woman (2001 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
  NA%

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
  NA

HIV/AIDS - deaths:
  NA

Nationality:
  noun: Channel Islander(s)
  adjective: Channel Islander

Ethnic groups:
  UK and Norman-French descent

Religions:
  Anglican, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Congregational New Church, Methodist,
  Presbyterian

Languages:
  English (official), French (official), Norman-French dialect spoken in
  country districts

Literacy:
  definition: NA
  total population: NA
  male: NA
  female: NA

§4. Jersey Government

Country name:
  conventional long form: Bailiwick of Jersey
  conventional short form: Jersey

Dependency status:
  British crown dependency

Government type:
  NA

Capital:
  Saint Helier

Administrative divisions:
  none (British crown dependency)

Independence:
  none (British crown dependency)

National holiday:
  Liberation Day, 9 May (1945)

Constitution:
  unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice

Legal system:
  English law and local statute

Suffrage:
  NA years of age; universal adult

Executive branch:
  chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)
  head of government: Lieutenant Governor and Commander in Chief Air Chief
    Marshall Sir John CHESHIRE (since 24 January 2001) and Bailiff Philip
    Martin BAILHACHE (since NA February 1995)
  cabinet: committees appointed by the Assembly of the States
  elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff
    appointed by the monarch

Legislative branch:
  unicameral Assembly of the States (55 voting members - 12 senators, 12
  constables or heads of parishes, 29 deputies; all elected for six-year
  terms, half elected every third year; the bailiff and the deputy bailiff;
  and 3 non-voting members - the Dean of Jersey, the Attorney General and the
  Solicitor General all appointed by the monarch
  elections: last held NA (next to be held NA)
  election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 52

Judicial branch:
  Royal Court (judges elected by an electoral college and the bailiff)

Political parties and leaders:
  none; all independents

Political pressure groups and leaders:
  none

Diplomatic representation in the US:
  none (British crown dependency)

Diplomatic representation from the US:
  none (British crown dependency)

Flag description:
  white with a diagonal red cross extending to the corners of the flag and in
  the upper quadrant, surmounted by a yellow crown, a red shield holding the
  three lions of England in yellow

§5. Jersey Economy

Economy - overview:
  The economy is based largely on international financial services,
  agriculture, and tourism. Potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes, and especially
  flowers are important export crops, shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey
  breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export
  income earner. Milk products go to the UK and other EU countries. In 1996
  the finance sector accounted for about 60% of the island's output. Tourism,
  another mainstay of the economy, accounts for 24% of GDP. In recent years,
  the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey, with the
  result that an electronics industry has developed alongside the traditional
  manufacturing of knitwear. All raw material and energy requirements are
  imported, as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs. Light taxes and
  death duties make the island a popular tax haven.

GDP:
  purchasing power parity - $2.2 billion (1999 est.)

GDP - real growth rate:
  NA%

GDP - per capita:
  purchasing power parity - $24,800 (1999 est.)

GDP - composition by sector:
  agriculture: 5% industry: 2%
  services: 93% (1996)

Population below poverty line:
  NA%

Household income or consumption by percentage share:
  lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  4.7% (1998)

Labor force:
  57,050 (1996)

Unemployment rate:
  0.7% (1998 est.)

Budget:
  revenues: $601 million
  expenditures: $588 million, including capital expenditures of $98 million
    (2000 est.)

Industries:
  tourism, banking and finance, dairy

Industrial production growth rate:
  NA%

Electricity - imports:
  NA kWh note: electricity supplied by France

Agriculture - products:
  potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products

Exports:
  $NA

Exports - commodities:
  light industrial and electrical goods, foodstuffs, textiles

Exports - partners:
  UK

Imports:
  $NA

Imports - commodities:
  machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs, mineral
  fuels, chemicals

Imports - partners:
  UK

Debt - external:
  none

Economic aid - recipient:
  none

Currency:
  British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Jersey pound

Currency code:
  GBP

Exchange rates:
  Jersey pounds per US dollar - 0.6764 (January 2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180
  (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997), 0.6403 (1996); the Jersey pound is at
  par with the British pound

Fiscal year:
  1 April - 31 March

§6. Jersey Communications

Telephones - main lines in use:
  65,500 (1997)

Telephones - mobile cellular:
  4,400 (1997)

Telephone system:
  general assessment: NA domestic: NA
  international: 3 submarine cables

Radio broadcast stations:
  AM NA, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)

Radios:
  NA

Television broadcast stations:
  1 (1997)

Televisions:
  NA

Internet country code:
  .je

Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
  NA

Internet users:
  NA

§7. Jersey Transportation

Railways:
  0 km

Highways:
  total: 577 km (1995)
  paved: NA km
  unpaved: NA km

Waterways:
  none

Ports and harbors:
  Gorey, Saint Aubin, Saint Helier

Merchant marine:
  none (2000 est.)

Airports:
  1 (2000 est.)

Airports - with paved runways:
  total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2000 est.)

§8. Jersey Military

Military - note:
  defense is the responsibility of the UK

§9. Jersey Transnational Issues

Disputes - international:
  none
