Mayotte (territorial collectivity of France)

§1. Mayotte Introduction

Background:
  Mayotte was ceded to France along with the other Comoros in 1843. It was
  the only island in the archipelago that voted in 1974 to retain its link
  with France and forgo independence.

§2. Mayotte Geography

Location:
  Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the
  way from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique

Geographic coordinates:
  12 50 S, 45 10 E

Map references:
  Africa

Area:
  total: 374 kmē
  land: 374 kmē
  water: 0 kmē

Area - comparative:
  slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC

Land boundaries:
  0 km

Coastline:
  185.2 km

Maritime claims:
  exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM

Climate:
  tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon
  (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November)

Terrain:
  generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks

Elevation extremes:
  lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Benara 660 m

Natural resources:
  NEGL

Land use:
  arable land: NA%
  permanent crops: NA%
  permanent pastures: NA%
  forests and woodland: NA%
  other: NA%

Irrigated land:
  NA kmē

Natural hazards:
  cyclones during rainy season

Environment - current issues:
  NA

Geography - note:
  part of Comoro Archipelago; 18 islands

§3. Mayotte People

Population:
  163,366 (July 2001 est.)

Age structure:
  0-14 years: 46.59% (male 38,188; female 37,920)
  15-64 years: 51.73% (male 46,132; female 38,378)
  65 years and over: 1.68% (male 1,361; female 1,387) (2001 est.)

Population growth rate:
  4.58% (2001 est.)

Birth rate:
  44.39 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)

Death rate:
  8.84 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)

Net migration rate:
  10.28 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)

Sex ratio:
  at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
  under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
  15-64 years: 1.2 male(s)/female
  65 years and over: 0.98 male(s)/female
  total population: 1.1 male(s)/female (2001 est.)

Infant mortality rate:
  69.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
  total population: 59.83 years male: 57.77 years
  female: 61.96 years (2001 est.)

Total fertility rate:
  6.24 children born/woman (2001 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
  NA%

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
  NA

HIV/AIDS - deaths:
  NA

Nationality:
  noun: Mahorais (singular and plural)
  adjective: Mahoran

Ethnic groups:
  NA

Religions:
  Muslim 97%, Christian (mostly Roman Catholic)

Languages:
  Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language) spoken by 35% of
  the population

Literacy:
  definition: NA
  total population: NA%
  male: NA%
  female: NA%

§4. Mayotte Government

Country name:
  conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte
  conventional short form: Mayotte

Dependency status:
  territorial collectivity of France

Government type:
  NA

Capital:
  Mamoutzou

Administrative divisions:
  none (territorial collectivity of France)

Independence:
  none (territorial collectivity of France)

National holiday:
  Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)

Constitution:
  28 September 1958 (French Constitution)

Legal system:
  French law

Suffrage:
  18 years of age; universal

Executive branch:
  chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995),
    represented by Prefect Pierre BAYLE (since 15 July 1998)
  head of government: President of the General Council Younoussa BAMANA
    (since NA 1977)
  cabinet: NA
  elections: French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term;
    prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French
    Ministry of the Interior; president of the General Council elected by the
    members of the General Council for a six-year term

Legislative branch:
  unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are
  elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)
  elections: last held 7 October 2000 (next to be held NA 2003)
  election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA
  note: Mayotte elects one member of the French Senate; elections last held
    24 September 1995 (next to be held 24 September 2001); results - percent
    of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - MPM 1; Mayotte also elects one
    member to the French National Assembly; elections last held 25 May and 1
    June 1997 (next to be held as a special election on NA May 2002); results
    - percent of vote by party - UDF/FD 51.7%, RPR 48.3%; seats by party -
    UDF/FD 1

Judicial branch:
  Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel

Political parties and leaders:
  Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular Movement or MPM
  [Younoussa BAMANA]; Mahoran Rally for the Republic or RPR [Mansour
  KAMARDINE]; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM [Henri
  JEAN-BAPTISTE]; Socialist Party or PS (local branch of French Parti
  Socialiste) [Ibrahim ABUBACAR]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Henri
  JEAN-BAPTISTE]

Political pressure groups and leaders:
  NA

International organization participation:
  FZ

Diplomatic representation in the US:
  none (territorial collectivity of France)

Diplomatic representation from the US:
  none (territorial collectivity of France)

Flag description:
  the flag of France is used

§5. Mayotte Economy

Economy - overview:
  Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including
  fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must
  import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from France. The
  economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on
  French financial assistance, an important supplement to GDP. Mayotte's
  remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism.

GDP:
  purchasing power parity - $85 million (1998 est.)

GDP - real growth rate:
  NA%

GDP - per capita:
  purchasing power parity - $600 (1998 est.)

GDP - composition by sector:
  agriculture: NA% industry: NA%
  services: NA%

Population below poverty line:
  NA%

Household income or consumption by percentage share:
  lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  NA%

Labor force:
  NA

Unemployment rate:
  45% (1997)

Budget:
  revenues: $NA
  expenditures: $73 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1991
    est.)

Industries:
  newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction

Industrial production growth rate:
  NA%

Electricity - production:
  NA kWh

Electricity - production by source:
  fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA%
  nuclear: NA%
  other: NA%

Electricity - consumption:
  NA kWh

Agriculture - products:
  vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coffee, copra

Exports:
  $3.44 million (f.o.b., 1997)

Exports - commodities:
  ylang-ylang (perfume essence), vanilla, copra, coconuts, coffee, cinnamon

Exports - partners:
  France 80%, Comoros 15%, Reunion

Imports:
  $141.3 million (f.o.b., 1997)

Imports - commodities:
  food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, metals, chemicals

Imports - partners:
  France 66%, Africa 14%, Southeast Asia 11% (1997)

Debt - external:
  $NA

Economic aid - recipient:
  $107.7 million (1995); note - extensive French financial assistance

Currency:
  French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)

Currency code:
  FRF; EUR

Exchange rates:
  euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999);
  French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996)

Fiscal year:
  calendar year

§6. Mayotte Communications

Telephones - main lines in use:
  9,314 (1997)

Telephones - mobile cellular:
  0 (2000)

Telephone system:
  general assessment: small system administered by French Department of Posts
    and Telecommunications
  domestic: NA
  international: microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communications
    to Comoros and other international connections

Radio broadcast stations:
  AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)

Radios:
  NA

Television broadcast stations:
  3 (1997)

Televisions:
  3,500 (1994)

Internet country code:
  .yt

Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
  NA

Internet users:
  NA

§7. Mayotte Transportation

Railways:
  0 km

Highways:
  total: 93 km
  paved: 72 km
  unpaved: 21 km

Waterways:
  none

Ports and harbors:
  Dzaoudzi

Merchant marine:
  none (2000 est.)

Airports:
  1 (2000 est.)

Airports - with paved runways:
  total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2000 est.)

§8. Mayotte Military

Military - note:
  defense is the responsibility of France; small contingent of French forces
  stationed on the island

§9. Mayotte Transnational Issues

Disputes - international:
  claimed by Comoros
